Part 5
Chapter 12
Thesis: This chapter is about the impotence of measurement and the necessity to verify the tools that that give them to you as to make sure you get the best data.
1. Without taking accurate measurements and cataloging the information we discover there is no science just messing around "Measurement helps take some of the guesswork out of scientific observation" (Grinnell 237). Anyone can think anything but without evidence it is very difficult to convince people to see the world your way.
2. The information we collect can't only inserting but also relevant to the world or the community. "Moreover, the data gathered to measure the variables must be directly relevant and meaningful to these variables" (Grinnell 239).
3. Their is no such thing as one hundred present certainty because if there was we would never fight about anything as their would always be a correct answer. This must be kept in mind when using research equipment. "Consequently, every instrument should be tested for reliability before it is formally administered, rather then after" (Grinnell 243).
Chapter 13
Thesis: Displays the variety and selection of standardized measuring tools.
1. "It is through standardization that the validity of the measuring instrument is established" (Grinnell 253). It takes a lot of people using something and getting good information for it to become the slandered and in the process be proved valid.
2. Not every form of slandered instruments are right for the research question that is currently being looked at. "It is through operational definitions of the variables being measured that the independent and dependent variables in a research hypothesis are quantified" (Grinell 261). once this is done the instrument can be selected for the job at hand.
3. Once you know what kinds of measurements you kneed you have to select the standardized instrument that you will use. "The two general sources for locating such instruments are commercial or professional publishers and the professional literature" (Grinnell 264).
Chapter 14
Thesis: Researchers must know how to construct their own instruments in case their are none that fit with what they need to do.
1. "If an appropriate standardized measuring instrument is not available for a particular purpose, we need to know how to design and construct one" (Grinnell 274). It is impotent to be able to adapt to to what needs to be done and have ways of coping when things do not go as planed.
2. There are two main kinds of questions that can be asked open and closed ended. "when constructing a measuring instrument, we must take into account differences not only in the wording of questions but in the kinds of responses asked for" (Grinnell 278). Each of these two kinds will result in very different outcomes and must be considered carefully.
3. When testing the validity and presentation of the instrument you have created it is good to do so in person. "What we are really concerned with, however, is feedback from these individuals, and this is best be gathered by direct interaction with them" (Grinnell 286).
Q: How long on average does it take for something to become standardized?
Chapter 12
Thesis: This chapter is about the impotence of measurement and the necessity to verify the tools that that give them to you as to make sure you get the best data.
1. Without taking accurate measurements and cataloging the information we discover there is no science just messing around "Measurement helps take some of the guesswork out of scientific observation" (Grinnell 237). Anyone can think anything but without evidence it is very difficult to convince people to see the world your way.
2. The information we collect can't only inserting but also relevant to the world or the community. "Moreover, the data gathered to measure the variables must be directly relevant and meaningful to these variables" (Grinnell 239).
3. Their is no such thing as one hundred present certainty because if there was we would never fight about anything as their would always be a correct answer. This must be kept in mind when using research equipment. "Consequently, every instrument should be tested for reliability before it is formally administered, rather then after" (Grinnell 243).
Chapter 13
Thesis: Displays the variety and selection of standardized measuring tools.
1. "It is through standardization that the validity of the measuring instrument is established" (Grinnell 253). It takes a lot of people using something and getting good information for it to become the slandered and in the process be proved valid.
2. Not every form of slandered instruments are right for the research question that is currently being looked at. "It is through operational definitions of the variables being measured that the independent and dependent variables in a research hypothesis are quantified" (Grinell 261). once this is done the instrument can be selected for the job at hand.
3. Once you know what kinds of measurements you kneed you have to select the standardized instrument that you will use. "The two general sources for locating such instruments are commercial or professional publishers and the professional literature" (Grinnell 264).
Chapter 14
Thesis: Researchers must know how to construct their own instruments in case their are none that fit with what they need to do.
1. "If an appropriate standardized measuring instrument is not available for a particular purpose, we need to know how to design and construct one" (Grinnell 274). It is impotent to be able to adapt to to what needs to be done and have ways of coping when things do not go as planed.
2. There are two main kinds of questions that can be asked open and closed ended. "when constructing a measuring instrument, we must take into account differences not only in the wording of questions but in the kinds of responses asked for" (Grinnell 278). Each of these two kinds will result in very different outcomes and must be considered carefully.
3. When testing the validity and presentation of the instrument you have created it is good to do so in person. "What we are really concerned with, however, is feedback from these individuals, and this is best be gathered by direct interaction with them" (Grinnell 286).
Q: How long on average does it take for something to become standardized?
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